Integrated Project Knowledge (IproK) Ontology
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Integrated Project Knowledge (IproK) Ontology

Release: 25-05-2025

Latest version:
https://w3id.org/IproK#
Revision:
0.1.0
Issued on:
Date issued
Authors:
Venkatesh Kone, NITK, Surathkal
Contributors:
Prof. Gangadhar Mahesh
See also:
https://iprok-web.streamlit.app/
Download serialization:
JSON-LD RDF/XML N-Triples TTL
License:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License
Visualization:
Visualize with WebVowl
Evaluation:
Evaluate with OOPS!
Cite as:
Venkatesh Kone, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6398-5850. Integrated Project Knowledge (IproK) Ontology. Revision: 0.1.0.
Ontology Specification Draft

Abstract

IproK initially focuses on three core knowledge areas from the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide): Schedule Management, Resource Management, and Cost Management. This strategic scope was chosen due to the fundamental importance and high degree of interdependence of these domains for project success and their foundational role in overall project control. This modular approach, grounded in established PMBOK knowledge areas, is intentionally designed to ensure scalability and to facilitate future extensibility to other critical knowledge areas such as Scope Management, Risk Management, Quality Management, and Stakeholder Management.

Introduction back to ToC

The primary purpose of the IproK ontology is to provide a formal, explicit, and semantically rich specification for standardizing and integrating heterogeneous construction project management data, focusing on project schedules, costs, and resources. It aims to create a unified knowledge base that captures their complex interdependencies, thereby facilitating advanced data analytics and decision support. A key driver is the vision for IproK to serve not merely as a solution for individual projects, but as a reusable and evolving knowledge asset for future construction endeavors.

Integrated Project Knowledge (IproK) Ontology: Overview back to ToC

This ontology has the following classes and properties.

Classes

Object Properties

Data Properties

Integrated Project Knowledge (IproK) Ontology: Description back to ToC

The Integrated Project Knowledge (IproK) ontology is a specialized, formal model designed to standardize and integrate construction project management data. It focuses on structuring information related to project schedules, costs, and resources, and their complex interdependencies. The core aim of IproK is to create a unified, machine-interpretable knowledge base. This enables robust AI integration, particularly with Large Language Models (LLMs), to facilitate advanced data analytics, support complex querying via natural language, and improve decision-making in construction projects. Key design principles include deep integration of the core project management domains, AI-readiness, PMBOK-aligned modularity for scalability and extensibility, and pragmatic reuse of established industry standards and concepts.

Cross-reference for Integrated Project Knowledge (IproK) Ontology classes, object properties and data properties back to ToC

This section provides details for each class and property defined by Integrated Project Knowledge (IproK) Ontology.

Classes

Actorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK#Actor

has super-classes
IproKThing c
is in range of
assignedTo op

Calendarc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK#Calendar

has super-classes
IproKThing c

Constraintc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK#Constraint

has super-classes
IproKThing c
has sub-classes
ResourceConstraint c
is in domain of
constraintDate dp, constraintType dp
is in range of
hasConstraint op

CostCategoryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/cost#CostCategory

has super-classes
IproKThing c
is in range of
hasCostCategory op

CostItemc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/cost#CostItem

has super-classes
IproKThing c
is in domain of
actualCostAmount dp, atCompleteCostAmount dp, budgetedCostAmount dp, hasCostCategory op, hasCostType op, remainingCostAmount dp, vendorName dp
is in range of
resourceAllocationIncursCostItem op, taskGeneratesCostItem op

CostTypec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/cost#CostType

has super-classes
IproKThing c
has sub-classes
EquipmentCost c, ExpenseItem c, LaborCost c, MaterialCost c
is in range of
hasCostType op

EquipmentCostc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/cost#EquipmentCost

has super-classes
CostType c
is disjoint with
ExpenseItem c, LaborCost c, MaterialCost c

EquipmentResourcec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#EquipmentResource

has super-classes
ResourceType c
is disjoint with
LaborResource c, MaterialResource c, UserDefinedResource c

ExpenseItemc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/cost#ExpenseItem

has super-classes
CostType c
is disjoint with
EquipmentCost c, LaborCost c, MaterialCost c

IproKThingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK#IproKThing

has super-classes
Thing c
has sub-classes
Actor c, Calendar c, Constraint c, CostCategory c, CostItem c, CostType c, Project c, Resource c, ResourceAllocation c, ResourceType c, TaskDependency c, TaskTime c, TrackingTag c, Units c
is in domain of
hasDescription dp, hasGlobalId dp, hasId dp, hasName dp

LaborCostc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/cost#LaborCost

has super-classes
CostType c
is disjoint with
EquipmentCost c, ExpenseItem c, MaterialCost c

LaborResourcec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#LaborResource

has super-classes
ResourceType c
is disjoint with
EquipmentResource c, MaterialResource c, UserDefinedResource c

MaterialCostc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/cost#MaterialCost

has super-classes
CostType c
is disjoint with
EquipmentCost c, ExpenseItem c, LaborCost c

MaterialResourcec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#MaterialResource

has super-classes
ResourceType c
is disjoint with
EquipmentResource c, LaborResource c, UserDefinedResource c

Milestonec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#Milestone

has super-classes
Task c

Projectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#Project

has super-classes
IproKThing c
has sub-classes
WBS_Element c
is in domain of
hasWorkPackage op, projectAddress dp, projectCategory dp, projectOwner dp

Resourcec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#Resource

has super-classes
IproKThing c
is in domain of
actualUnits dp, atCompleteUnits dp, baseRate dp, budgetedUnits dp, currency dp, effectiveDateForRate dp, hasResourceConstraints op, hasResourceType op, hasTrackingTag op, isPrimaryResource dp, maxUnits dp, measuredIn op, remainingUnits dp
is in range of
allocationAssignsResource op

ResourceAllocationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/integrated#ResourceAllocation

has super-classes
IproKThing c
is in domain of
allocatedUnits dp, allocationAssignsResource op, allocationForTask op, allocationPlannedFinishDate dp, allocationPlannedStartDate dp, resourceAllocationIncursCostItem op
is in range of
taskHasResourceAllocation op

ResourceConstraintc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#ResourceConstraint

has super-classes
Constraint c
is in range of
hasResourceConstraints op

ResourceTypec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#ResourceType

has super-classes
IproKThing c
has sub-classes
EquipmentResource c, LaborResource c, MaterialResource c, UserDefinedResource c
is in range of
hasResourceType op

Taskc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#Task

has super-classes
WBS_Element c
has sub-classes
Milestone c
is in domain of
assignedTo op, hasConstraint op, hasPredecessorDependency op, hasSubTask op, hasSuccessorDependency op, hasTaskTime op, isCriticalTask dp, isMilestone dp, taskGeneratesCostItem op, taskHasResourceAllocation op, taskPriority dp
is in range of
allocationForTask op, hasSubTask op, hasTask op, linksToPredecessorTask op, linksToSuccessorTask op

TaskDependencyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#TaskDependency

has super-classes
IproKThing c
is in domain of
lagTime dp, linksToPredecessorTask op, linksToSuccessorTask op, taskRelationshipType dp
is in range of
hasPredecessorDependency op, hasSuccessorDependency op

TaskTimec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#TaskTime

has super-classes
IproKThing c
is in domain of
actualDuration dp, actualFinishDate dp, actualStartDate dp, atCompleteDuration dp, plannedFinishDate dp, plannedFinishDate dp, remainingDuration dp, scheduleDuration dp
is in range of
hasTaskTime op

TrackingTagc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#TrackingTag

has super-classes
IproKThing c
is in range of
hasTrackingTag op

Unitsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#Units

has super-classes
IproKThing c
is in range of
measuredIn op

UserDefinedResourcec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#UserDefinedResource

has super-classes
ResourceType c
is disjoint with
EquipmentResource c, LaborResource c, MaterialResource c

WBS_Elementc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#WBS_Element

has super-classes
Project c
has sub-classes
Task c, WorkPackage c
is in domain of
hasTask op
is in range of
hasWBS op

WorkPackagec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#WorkPackage

has super-classes
WBS_Element c
is in domain of
hasWBS op
is in range of
hasWorkPackage op

Object Properties

allocationAssignsResourceop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/integrated#allocationAssignsResource

has characteristics: functional

has domain
ResourceAllocation c
has range
Resource c

allocationForTaskop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/integrated#allocationForTask

has characteristics: functional

has domain
ResourceAllocation c
has range
Task c

assignedToop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#assignedTo

has domain
Task c
has range
Actor c

hasConstraintop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#hasConstraint

has domain
Task c
has range
Constraint c

hasCostCategoryop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/cost#hasCostCategory

has characteristics: functional

has domain
CostItem c
has range
CostCategory c

hasCostTypeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/cost#hasCostType

has characteristics: functional

has domain
CostItem c
has range
CostType c

hasPredecessorDependencyop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#hasPredecessorDependency

has domain
Task c
has range
TaskDependency c

hasResourceConstraintsop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#hasResourceConstraints

has domain
Resource c
has range
ResourceConstraint c

hasResourceTypeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#hasResourceType

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Resource c
has range
ResourceType c

hasSubTaskop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#hasSubTask

has domain
Task c
has range
Task c

hasSuccessorDependencyop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#hasSuccessorDependency

has domain
Task c
has range
TaskDependency c

hasTaskop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#hasTask

has domain
WBS_Element c
has range
Task c

hasTaskTimeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#hasTaskTime

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Task c
has range
TaskTime c

hasTrackingTagop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#hasTrackingTag

has domain
Resource c
has range
TrackingTag c

hasWBSop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#hasWBS

has domain
WorkPackage c
has range
WBS_Element c

hasWorkPackageop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#hasWorkPackage

has domain
Project c
has range
WorkPackage c

linksToPredecessorTaskop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#linksToPredecessorTask

has characteristics: functional

has domain
TaskDependency c
has range
Task c

linksToSuccessorTaskop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#linksToSuccessorTask

has characteristics: functional

has domain
TaskDependency c
has range
Task c

measuredInop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#measuredIn

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Resource c
has range
Units c

resourceAllocationIncursCostItemop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/integrated#resourceAllocationIncursCostItem

has domain
ResourceAllocation c
has range
CostItem c

taskGeneratesCostItemop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/integrated#taskGeneratesCostItem

has domain
Task c
has range
CostItem c

taskHasResourceAllocationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/integrated#taskHasResourceAllocation

has domain
Task c
has range
ResourceAllocation c

Data Properties

actualCostAmountdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/cost#actualCostAmount

this is actual cost amount

has characteristics: functional

has domain
CostItem c
has range
decimal

actualDurationdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#actualDuration

has characteristics: functional

has domain
TaskTime c
has range
decimal

actualFinishDatedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#actualFinishDate

has characteristics: functional

has domain
TaskTime c
has range
date Time

actualStartDatedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#actualStartDate

has characteristics: functional

has domain
TaskTime c
has range
date Time

actualUnitsdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#actualUnits

has domain
Resource c
has range
decimal

allocatedUnitsdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/integrated#allocatedUnits

has characteristics: functional

has domain
ResourceAllocation c
has range
decimal

allocationPlannedFinishDatedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/integrated#allocationPlannedFinishDate

has characteristics: functional

has domain
ResourceAllocation c
has range
date Time

allocationPlannedStartDatedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/integrated#allocationPlannedStartDate

has characteristics: functional

has domain
ResourceAllocation c
has range
date Time

atCompleteCostAmountdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/cost#atCompleteCostAmount

has characteristics: functional

has domain
CostItem c
has range
decimal

atCompleteDurationdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#atCompleteDuration

has characteristics: functional

has domain
TaskTime c
has range
decimal

atCompleteUnitsdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#atCompleteUnits

has domain
Resource c
has range
decimal

baseRatedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#baseRate

has domain
Resource c
has range
decimal

budgetedCostAmountdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/cost#budgetedCostAmount

has characteristics: functional

has domain
CostItem c
has range
decimal

budgetedUnitsdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#budgetedUnits

has domain
Resource c
has range
decimal

constraintDatedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#constraintDate

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Constraint c
has range
date Time

constraintTypedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#constraintType

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Constraint c
has range
string

currencydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#currency

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Resource c
has range
string

effectiveDateForRatedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#effectiveDateForRate

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Resource c
has range
date Time

hasDescriptiondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK#hasDescription

A textual description of the entity.
has domain
IproKThing c
has range
string

hasGlobalIddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK#hasGlobalId

A globally unique identifier.

has characteristics: functional

has domain
IproKThing c
has range
string

hasIddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK#hasId

A local or project-specific identifier.

has characteristics: functional

has domain
IproKThing c
has range
string

hasNamedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK#hasName

The common name of the entity.

has characteristics: functional

has domain
IproKThing c
has range
string

isCriticalTaskdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#isCriticalTask

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Task c
has range
boolean

isMilestonedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#isMilestone

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Task c
has range
boolean

isPrimaryResourcedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#isPrimaryResource

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Resource c
has range
boolean

lagTimedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#lagTime

has characteristics: functional

has domain
TaskDependency c
has range
decimal

maxUnitsdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#maxUnits

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Resource c
has range
decimal

plannedFinishDatedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#plannedFinishDate

has characteristics: functional

has domain
TaskTime c
has range
date Time

plannedFinishDatedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#plannedStartDate

has characteristics: functional

has domain
TaskTime c
has range
date Time

projectAddressdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#projectAddress

has domain
Project c
has range
string

projectCategorydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#projectCategory

has domain
Project c
has range
string

projectOwnerdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#projectOwner

has domain
Project c
has range
string

remainingCostAmountdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/cost#remainingCostAmount

has characteristics: functional

has domain
CostItem c
has range
decimal

remainingDurationdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#remainingDuration

has characteristics: functional

has domain
TaskTime c
has range
decimal

remainingUnitsdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/resource#remainingUnits

has domain
Resource c
has range
decimal

scheduleDurationdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#scheduleDuration

has characteristics: functional

has domain
TaskTime c
has range
decimal

taskPrioritydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#taskPriority

has characteristics: functional

has domain
Task c
has range
integer

taskRelationshipTypedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/schedule#taskRelationshipType

has characteristics: functional

has domain
TaskDependency c
has range
string

vendorNamedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/IproK/cost#vendorName

has domain
CostItem c
has range
string

Legend back to ToC

c: Classes
op: Object Properties
dp: Data Properties

References back to ToC

Add your references here. It is recommended to have them as a list.

Acknowledgments back to ToC

The authors would like to thank Silvio Peroni for developing LODE, a Live OWL Documentation Environment, which is used for representing the Cross Referencing Section of this document and Daniel Garijo for developing Widoco, the program used to create the template used in this documentation.